The presence of the basement in the house provides additional amenities for residents. This is especially important for the owners of cottages and inhabitants of villages and villages. The basement is a place where you can store the harvesting all year round, and it will not deteriorate. Along with this, such a room can serve as a warehouse of blanks and conservations for the winter. Another option is the use of free space for the arrangement of a gym, auxiliary or workshop. In the basements, sewer pipes, heating systems, ventilation units, laundries, energy generators and other equipment are often hidden. If you planned the construction of the basement, you should know a number of features. The recommended ceiling height is about twenty meters and 20 centimeters.The walls of the basement must be associated with the foundation, which should have a strip type of structure. By analogy, the ceiling should be combined with the cover of the base. Important for the construction of the foundation is the right choice of its type. For the structure of the basements, the optimal are the tape, tile, column structures. Of all of them, the most acceptable type is considered to be both financially and regarding the complexity of construction work.
We plan everything in advance.
The thickness of the walls in the basement is determined by the indicator of the pressure of the soil on them. The main material for construction depends on the type of soil, the degree of freezing in the winter period of time and the level of groundwater. These factors are the main problems and reasons for the destruction of buildings of this type, so you should carefully make a choice. If the soil is dry and non -gun, then it is recommended to make brick, stone or concrete walls. If the soil is saturated with moisture and belongs to the heaving, then the necessary degree of strength will provide concrete or reinforced concrete. Brick walls can be hollow and continuous.The last option is the most preferable; in its construction, a system of multi -row linking the masonry is used. The thickness of such a wall should be 51 cm in case of a drop in temperature in winter to 20 degrees and 64 cm if the thermometer is lowered even lower. Along with brick, walls made of monolithic concrete are widespread. For the manufacture of such ceilings, a mobile shield formwork is required, the height of which will be 1.5 m, and the thickness of the boards – 40 mm. The formwork is installed between the racks and is fixed along the perimeter every 1.5 m. Then a concrete solution is poured into it, which hardens within 2-3 days. After this period, the formwork is removed.
We increase reliability.
You can increase the reliability of the walls by arranging additional iron belts, which cover the top and bottom of the wall, as well as its perimeter. In the event that the walls were made of brick or concrete blocks should be laid a grid of reinforcement or other metal into horizontal masonry seams at a distance of 30-40 cm. The construction of additional internal walls is often used that perform the function of supports. They are made short and installed perpendicular to the main block, the distance between them should be 3-4 meters. When choosing the material, you should focus on the height of the walls. For standard distances that make up 2-2.5 m, you should rely on construction norms installed for each material. The floors can be clay -shaped, and covered with cement screed.The basement created according to all the rules will become a reliable storage location with a long service life.